![]() ![]() It was not until the 3rd century BC that Archimedes, a renowned ancient Greek mathematician and physicist, accurately calculated pi to three decimal places. Furthermore, the ancient Indian religious masterpiece "Baidao Brahma," written between 800 and 600 BC, demonstrates that pi's ratio is equal to the fraction 339/108, which is roughly 3.139. Specifically, the ratio of the pyramid's circumference to its height is two times pi, which is the same as the ratio of the circumference to the radius of a circle. John Taylor, a British writer (1781–1864), noted in his famous book "The Great Pyramid: Why Was It Built, and Who Built It?" that the Pyramid of Khufu, which dates back to around 2500 BC, is linked to pi. This suggests that the Egyptians had knowledge of pi earlier than other civilizations. Similarly, an ancient Egyptian artifact known as the Rhind Mathematical Papyrus from the same period showed that the ratio of pi is equal to the square of the fraction 16/9, which approximates to 3.1605. The earliest historical record of pi can be traced back to the 20th century BC, where an ancient Babylonian stone plaque recorded pi as 25/8 or 3.125. It took almost 4,000 years from the discovery of pi to determine that it is an irrational number. People's understanding of pi has developed over a long period of time. We also know that pi is both irrational and transcendental. We first encounter it in elementary and junior high school, and now we all understand that pi is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter, approximately equal to 3.14. When it comes to pi, I think most people are familiar with it.
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